Empirical and Molecular Formulae

IMPORTANT

Empirical and Molecular Formulae: Overview

This topic covers concepts such as Empirical Formula, Molecular Formula, Steps Involved in Determination of Empirical Formula of a Compound, Relation between Empirical Formula and Molecular Formula, etc.

Important Questions on Empirical and Molecular Formulae

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An organic compound A contains 69.77% carbon, 11.63% hydrogen and the rest is oxygen. The molecular mass of the compound is 86. It does not reduce Tollen’s reagent but forms an addition product with sodium hydrogen sulphite and gives positive iodoform test. On vigorous oxidation it gives ethanoic and propanoic acids. The compound A is:

MEDIUM
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An organic compound contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Its elemental analysis gave C, 38.71% and H, 9.67%. The empirical formula of the compound would be:

MEDIUM
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Percentage of Se in peroxidase anhydrase enzyme is   0.5% by weight   (at.wt.=78.4) then minimum molecular weight of peroxidase anhydrase enzyme is

EASY
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An organic compound containing   C,HandO gave on analysis   C40%andH6.66%. Its empirical formula would be:

MEDIUM
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An organic compound containing C, H and N gave the following analysis:

 C=40%;H=13.33%;N=46.67%

Its empirical formula would be:

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

In a compound C, H, N atoms are present in the ratio 9 : 1 : 3.5 by mass. If molecular mass of the compound is 108, then molecular formula of the compound is 

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

In a compound C, H, N atoms are present in the ratio 9 : 1 : 3.5 by mass. If molecular mass of the compound is 108, then molecular formula of the compound is 

HARD
IMPORTANT

An organic compound A, containing C, H, N and O, on analysis gives 49.32% carbon, 9.59% hydrogen and 19.18% nitrogen. A on boiling with NaOH gives of  NH3 and a salt, which on acidification gives a monobasic nitrogen-free acid B. The silver salt of B contains 59.67% silver. The structures of A and B are.

HARD
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A certain hydrocarbon A was found to contain 85.7 percent carbon and 14.3 percent hydrogen. This compound consumes 1 molar equivalent of hydrogen to give a saturated hydrocarbon B. 1.00 g of hydrocarbon A just decolourised 38.05 g of a 5 percent solution (by weight) of Br2inCCl4. Compound A, on oxidation with concentrated KMnO4, gave compound C (molecular formula, C4H8O ) and acetic acid. The compound C could easily be prepared by the action of acidic aqueous mercuric sulphate on 2-butyne. The molecular formula of A, B and C are.

EASY
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If two compounds have the same empirical formula but different molecular formulae, they must have

HARD
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9 volumes of gaseous mixture consisting of gaseous organic compound A and just sufficient amount of O2 required for complete combustion yielded on burning 4 volumes of CO2, 6 volumes of water vapour and 2 volumes of N2. All volumes measured at the same temperature and pressure. If the compound A contained only C, H and N. What is the molecular formula of the compound A

MEDIUM
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The silver salt of a certain organic acid with the atomic ratio C:H:O as 2:3:2 contains 65.06% of silver. If acid is dibasic, the formula of the acid is:

EASY
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An organic compound on analysis gave the following results: C=54.5%, O=36.4%, H=9.1%. The Empirical formula of the compound is:

EASY
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The pair of species having same percentage of carbon is -

HARD
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A compound contains 4.07% hydrogen, 24.25% carbon and 71.75% chlorine. What is its empirical formula?

HARD
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What is the empirical formula of the salt? 

MEDIUM
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In an ionic compound moles ratio of cation to anion is 1:2. If atomic masses of metal and non-metal respectively are 138 and 19, then correct statement is:

EASY
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Which of the following is true about empirical formula and molecular formula?

MEDIUM
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Elements X and Y can combine to form two different compounds. If 1.6 g of X reacts with exactly 1.6 g of Y, the compound produced has formula XY2. However under different condition, 2.4 g of X will react with 1.6 g of Y to form a second compound, whose empirical formula is-

HARD
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For fixed mass of nitrogen in its two oxides A and B mass ratio of oxygen is 1 : 3. If in A, 7 g of N combines with 4 g of oxygen, then empirical formula of B will be: